USB Camera Sensor Comparison: IMX307 vs IMX385 vs IMX585 vs IMX678 vs GC2053 for Night Vision Performance

In industrial applications, surveillance, automotive systems, and other fields requiring night vision capabilities, choosing the right image sensor is paramount. Sony is widely recognized for producing some of the best sensors for low-light performance, with models like IMX307, IMX385, IMX585, and IMX678. But the GC2053 sensor, developed by GalaxyCore, has also gained attention in the market for its affordability and decent night vision capabilities.

This blog aims to compare the night vision performance of these five sensors: IMX307, IMX385, IMX585, IMX678, and GC2053, providing insights into their advantages, shortcomings, and ideal use cases in USB cameras.

1. Overview of the Sensors

Before diving into the detailed comparison, let’s first look at the basics of each sensor.

• Sony IMX307: A 1/2.8" CMOS sensor, designed for low-light environments, popular for industrial and automotive applications. It offers a 2MP resolution.
• Sony IMX385: A 1/2" CMOS sensor, optimized for low-light sensitivity with a 2MP resolution, often used in surveillance cameras and security systems.
• Sony IMX585: A 1/2.5" CMOS sensor with a 12MP resolution, designed for 4K video and high-definition applications, known for its great low-light performance.
• Sony IMX678: A 1/1.8" CMOS sensor, offering excellent night vision capabilities with an 8MP resolution. Ideal for both day and night vision use.
• GC2053: A 1/2.9" CMOS sensor with 2MP resolution, known for its cost-effectiveness while offering reasonable night vision performance.

2. Night Vision Performance Comparison

When evaluating the night vision capabilities of these sensors, the key factors to consider include:

• Lux Rating (Low Light Sensitivity): The lower the lux value, the better the sensor will perform in dark environments.
• Resolution: Higher resolution can capture more detail but may result in increased noise in low-light conditions.
• Dynamic Range: A higher dynamic range allows the sensor to capture details in both bright and dark areas of a scene simultaneously.
• Noise Reduction: Sensors with better noise reduction perform better in extreme low-light environments.

3. Sensor-by-Sensor Breakdown

Sony IMX307

• Sensor Size: 1/2.8" CMOS
• Resolution: 2MP (1920x1080)
• Lux Rating: 0.02 lux (with IR)
• Key Advantage:
  The IMX307 excels in low-light applications, providing clear images even in extremely dark environments. It’s optimized for surveillance and automotive applications, making it ideal for night vision security cameras, dashcams, and industrial inspection.
  Its 0.02 lux rating is relatively good for most industrial and security use cases.
• Disadvantages:
  The 2MP resolution limits its use in applications where high definition is needed. It might not perform as well in environments where high-resolution images are essential.

Sony IMX385

• Sensor Size: 1/2" CMOS
• Resolution: 2MP (1920x1080)
• Lux Rating: 0.003 lux (with IR)
• Key Advantage:
  The IMX385 shines in extremely low-light environments, with an impressive 0.003 lux sensitivity. It’s ideal for night vision surveillance and security cameras that need to operate in near-complete darkness.
• Disadvantages:
  While it offers excellent low-light sensitivity, its 2MP resolution makes it less suitable for applications requiring high-definition image clarity, such as high-definition video surveillance.

Sony IMX585

• Sensor Size: 1/2.5" CMOS
• Resolution: 12MP (4000x3000)
• Lux Rating: 0.05 lux (with IR)
• Key Advantage:
  The IMX585 provides 12MP resolution, which makes it perfect for applications that demand high-definition images, such as 4K surveillance, professional cameras, and high-end security systems. Its dynamic range and low-light sensitivity ensure it performs well even in environments with low ambient light.
• Disadvantages:
  With a 0.05 lux rating, it’s less effective in complete darkness than some of the other sensors. It may not be the best option for extremely low-light environments, as higher resolution sensors often struggle in darker settings.

Sony IMX678

• Sensor Size: 1/1.8" CMOS
• Resolution: 8MP (3840x2160)
• Lux Rating: 0.004 lux (with IR)
• Key Advantage:
  The IMX678 offers excellent performance in low-light environments, with its 0.004 lux sensitivity. It provides high 8MP resolution, making it ideal for high-quality night vision cameras that require both detail and low-light sensitivity. This sensor is best suited for industrial inspection, security, and surveillance applications where image quality is critical.
• Disadvantages:
  While it excels in night vision, the higher resolution may lead to higher power consumption, making it less suitable for battery-powered systems.

GC2053

• Sensor Size: 1/2.9" CMOS
• Resolution: 2MP (1920x1080)
• Lux Rating: 0.03 lux (with IR)
• Key Advantage:
  The GC2053 offers a cost-effective option for night vision applications. It’s a solid performer in low-light environments, providing decent image quality with a 2MP resolution and 0.03 lux sensitivity. This sensor is often used in affordable surveillance systems, dash cams, and general-purpose cameras.
• Disadvantages:
  Its 2MP resolution and 0.03 lux rating are less effective than the IMX385 and IMX678 in total darkness. While cost-effective, it may not meet the performance standards required for high-end applications.

4. Comparison Table: IMX307 vs IMX385 vs IMX585 vs IMX678 vs GC2053

Updated Conclusion: Choosing the Right Sensor for Your Project

Selecting the best night-vision camera module depends on your application’s priorities:

• IMX307 – Balanced performance for general low-light monitoring and cost-sensitive designs.

• IMX385 – Stronger night-vision sensitivity and larger pixel size for outdoor or mixed-light environments.

• IMX585 – High resolution with good dynamic range, suitable for AI analytics and detailed imaging.

• IMX678 – Latest STARVIS 2 technology with excellent low-light performance and high clarity for advanced robotics or edge-AI systems.

• GC2053 – A practical option for basic night-vision requirements or budget-driven projects.

Compact / Space-Limited Designs — Consider Goobuy UC-501 USB camera

If your device enclosure or embedded system is too compact to fit a full-size STARVIS module, the Goobuy UC-501 (15×15 mm, 2 MP) provides a practical alternative. It offers stable 1080p imaging, USB plug-and-play compatibility, and a minimal mechanical footprint, making integration much easier in tight spaces. While it does not replace the extreme low-light capability of STARVIS sensors, UC-501 is ideal when size, simplicity, and reliability matter more than maximum night-vision performance.